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Merge pull request #120 from leisore/master

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第11章 1-9节翻译完毕
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2015-09-07 05:42:08 -04:00
parent 824fcf627b 98c3af3373
commit 532b330d03
13 changed files with 1117 additions and 4 deletions
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2
eBook/10.8.md
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@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ runtime.SetFinalizer(obj, func(obj *typeObj))
- [目录](directory.md)
- 上一节：[类型的 String() 方法和格式化描述符](10.7.md)
- 下一章：[什么是接口？](11.1.md)
- 下一章：[11 接口（Interfaces）与反射（reflection）](11.0.md)

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eBook/11.0.md Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
# 11 <20>ӿڣ<D3BF>Interfaces<65><73><EFBFBD>뷴<EFBFBD>䣨reflection<6F><6E>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>½<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Go <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>нӿںͷ<DABA><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>պ<EFBFBD>SetFinalizer](10.8.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô](11.1.md)

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eBook/11.1.md
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@@ -1 +1,256 @@
# 11.1 什么是接口？
# 11.1 <EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô
Go <20><><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><D4B2><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> *<2A><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB3>* <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD><D4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͼ̳еĸ<D0B5><C4B8>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Go <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>зdz<D0B7><C7B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> **<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>** <20><><EFBFBD>ͨ<EEA3AC><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֺܶ<D6BA><DCB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD><D4A1>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9>һ<EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD> **˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>** <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˭<EFBFBD>ܸ㶨<DCB8><E3B6A8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><C2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><CDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ӿڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>鷽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>dz<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¸<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڣ<EFBFBD>
```go
type Namer interface {
Method1(param_list) return_type
Method2(param_list) return_type
...
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Namer` <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> **<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>**<2A><>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `[e]r` <20><>׺<EFBFBD><D7BA><EFBFBD>ɣ<EFBFBD><C9A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Printer`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Reader`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Writer`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Logger`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Converter`<EFBFBD>ȵȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õķ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׺`er`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Recoverable`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`able`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `I` <20><>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `.NET` <20><> `Java` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
Go <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еĽӿڶ<D3BF><DAB6>ܼ<EFBFBD><DCBC>̣<EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǻ<EFBFBD><C7BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>0<EFBFBD><30><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>3<EFBFBD><33><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Go <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>нӿڿ<D3BF><DABF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> **<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>ֵ** <20><>`var ai Namer`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`ai`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD>multiword<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݽṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `nil`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¡<EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǷǷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳû<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ᵼ<EFBFBD>´<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
![](images/11.1_fig11.1.jpg?raw=true)
<EFBFBD>˴<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṹ<EFBFBD>壩ʵ<EFBFBD>ֽӿڷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ÿһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴˷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ģ<EFBFBD>**<2A><>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֽӿ<D6BD>**<2A><>ͬʱ<CDAC><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˸<EFBFBD><CBB8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵Ľӿڡ<D3BF>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Namer` <20>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ը<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5> `ai` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֵĽӿڷ<D3BF><DAB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>Ҳʵ<D2B2><CAB5><EFBFBD>˸ýӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>`ai`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD>ı䡣
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>֡<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>**<2A><>
**ʵ<><CAB5>ij<EFBFBD><C4B3><EFBFBD>ӿڵ<D3BF><DAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֽӿڷ<D3BF><DAB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣩<EFBFBD><E2A3A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD>**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><CDBF><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>԰<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD> <20><>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD>˴˽ӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF>Ƕ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>**<2A><>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>壬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>İ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺ֻҪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴˽ӿڡ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ýӿھ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>кܴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.1 interfaces.go<67><6F>
```go
package main
import "fmt"
type Shaper interface {
Area() float32
}
type Square struct {
side float32
}
func (sq *Square) Area() float32 {
return sq.side * sq.side
}
func main() {
sq1 := new(Square)
sq1.side = 5
// var areaIntf Shaper
// areaIntf = sq1
// shorter,without separate declaration:
// areaIntf := Shaper(sq1)
// or even:
areaIntf := sq1
fmt.Printf("The square has area: %f\n", areaIntf.Area())
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
The square has area: 25.000000
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD> `Shaper`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Area()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `main()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Square` <20><>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>߶<EFBFBD><DFB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Area()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ε<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` ʵ<><CAB5><EFBFBD>˽ӿ<CBBD> `Shaper` <20><>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Կ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Խ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` <20><><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`areaIntf = sq1` <20><>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڽӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ե<EFBFBD><D4B5><EFBFBD> `Square` <20>ϵķ<CFB5><C4B7><EFBFBD> `Area()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȻҲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` <20><>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5>ô˷<C3B4><CBB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڽӿ<DABD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5>ô˷<C3B4><CBB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˷ܣ<CBB7><DCA3><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>˷<EFBFBD><CBB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD><D4A1>ӿڱ<D3BF><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><CBBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><D3A6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>롣
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> **<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬** <20><> Go <20>汾<EFBFBD><E6B1BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>֪<EFBFBD>ĸ<EFBFBD><C4B8><EFBFBD><EEA3BA><EFBFBD>ݵ<EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><C7B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѡ<EFBFBD><D1A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5>ͬһ<CDAC><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƺ<EFBFBD><C6BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֳ<EFBFBD><D6B3><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` û<><C3BB>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5> `Area()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>
cannot use sq1 (type *Square) as type Shaper in assignment:
*Square does not implement Shaper (missing Area method)
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Shaper` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Perimeter()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Square` û<><C3BB>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹû<CAB9><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Square` ʵ<><CAB5><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Rectangle` Ҳʵ<D2B2><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Shaper` <20>ӿڡ<D3BF><DAA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŵ<EFBFBD><C5B4><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Shaper` <20><><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><CDB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><E9A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ÿһ<C3BF><D2BB>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ز<EFBFBD><D8B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Area()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD>չʾ<D5B9><CABE>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.2 interfaces_poly.go<67><6F>
```go
package main
import "fmt"
type Shaper interface {
Area() float32
}
type Square struct {
side float32
}
func (sq *Square) Area() float32 {
return sq.side * sq.side
}
type Rectangle struct {
length, width float32
}
func (r Rectangle) Area() float32 {
return r.length * r.width
}
func main() {
r := Rectangle{5, 3} // Area() of Rectangle needs a value
q := &Square{5} // Area() of Square needs a pointer
// shapes := []Shaper{Shaper(r), Shaper(q)}
// or shorter
shapes := []Shaper{r, q}
fmt.Println("Looping through shapes for area ...")
for n, _ := range shapes {
fmt.Println("Shape details: ", shapes[n])
fmt.Println("Area of this shape is: ", shapes[n].Area())
}
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
Looping through shapes for area ...
Shape details: {5 3}
Area of this shape is: 15
Shape details: &{5}
Area of this shape is: 25
<EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `shapes[n].Area()) ` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>ֻ֪<D6BB><D6AA> `shapes[n]` <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Shaper` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҡ<EFBFBD><D2A1>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Square` <20><> `Rectangle` <20><><EFBFBD>󣬲<EFBFBD><F3A3ACB2>ұ<EFBFBD><D2B1>ֳ<EFBFBD><D6B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><D3A6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>
Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD>㽫<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> **<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD>**<2A><>**<2A><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>** <20><> **<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>** <20>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4>롣<EFBFBD><EBA1A3> 11.12.3 <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>µĽӿ<C4BD><D3BF>Ƕ<EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ס<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `stockPosition` <20><> `car`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `getValue()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д˷<D0B4><CBB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľӿ<C4BD> `valuable`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `valuable`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `showValue()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `valuable` <20>ӿڵ<D3BF><DAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.3 valuable.go<67><6F>
```go
package main
import "fmt"
type stockPosition struct {
ticker string
sharePrice float32
count float32
}
/* method to determine the value of a stock position */
func (s stockPosition) getValue() float32 {
return s.sharePrice * s.count
}
type car struct {
make string
model string
price float32
}
/* method to determine the value of a car */
func (c car) getValue() float32 {
return c.price
}
/* contract that defines different things that have value */
type valuable interface {
getValue() float32
}
func showValue(asset valuable) {
fmt.Printf("Value of the asset is %f\n", asset.getValue())
}
func main() {
var o valuable = stockPosition{"GOOG", 577.20, 4}
showValue(o)
o = car{"BMW", "M3", 66500}
showValue(o)
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
Value of the asset is 2308.800049
Value of the asset is 66500.000000
**һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><D7BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>**
`io`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Reader`:
```go
type Reader interface {
Read(p []byte) (n int, err error)
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `r`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>` var r io.Reader`
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>µĴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺
```go
var r io.Reader
r = os.Stdin // see 12.1
r = bufio.NewReader(r)
r = new(bytes.Buffer)
f,_ := os.Open("test.txt")
r = bufio.NewReader(f)
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `r` <20>ұߵ<D2B1><DFB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Read()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD>ǩ<EFBFBD><C7A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`r` <20>ľ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `io.Reader`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע**
<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>΢<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ýӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ĽǶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľӿ<EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ⶨһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѡ<EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.1** simple_interface.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD> `Simpler`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Get()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Set()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Get()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Set()` <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ṹ<EFBFBD><E1B9B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Simple` ʵ<><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڡ<D3BF>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŷ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Simpler` <20><><EFBFBD>͵IJ<CDB5><C4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ò<EFBFBD><C3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Get()` <20><> `Set()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `main` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.2** interfaces_poly2.go<67><6F>
a) <20><>չ interfaces_poly.go <20>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><D3A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Circle` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
b) ʹ<><CAB9>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Shape`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<EFBFBD> ʵ<><CAB5>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><C4B9>ܣ<EFBFBD><DCA3><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֽӿ<D6BD> `Shaper`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չ 10.6.5 <20>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ӿڣ<EFBFBD>Interfaces<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뷴<EFBFBD>䣨reflection<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](11.0.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD>׽ӿ<EFBFBD>](11.2.md)

29
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@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
# 11.2 <20>ӿ<EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD>׽ӿ<D7BD>
һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>԰<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľӿڣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>൱<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD>ӿڵķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>о<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD> `File` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `ReadWrite` <20><> `Lock` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><D0B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Close()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
type ReadWrite interface {
Read(b Buffer) bool
Write(b Buffer) bool
}
type Lock interface {
Lock()
Unlock()
}
type File interface {
ReadWrite
Lock
Close()
}
```
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô](11.1.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](11.3.md)

98
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@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
# 11.3 <20><><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6>ԣ<EFBFBD><D4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD><CEBC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><D7AA><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<D3BF><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `varI` <20>п<EFBFBD><D0BF>԰<EFBFBD><D4B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> **<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬** <20><><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>ڱ<EFBFBD><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д洢<D0B4><E6B4A2>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD><CDA1><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD><D0B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><CDBF>ܻ<EFBFBD><DCBB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Է<EFBFBD><D4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<D3BF><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9> **<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>** <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><C4B3>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1> `varI` <20>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `T` <20><>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
```go
v := varI.(T) // unchecked type assertion
```
**varI<72><49><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<D3BF><DAB1><EFBFBD>**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ᱨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`invalid type assertion: varI.(T) (non-interface type (type of varI) on left)` <20><>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Կ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ч<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ᾡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ч<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еĿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱʧ<EFBFBD>ܻᵼ<EFBFBD>´<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȫ<EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD>
```go
if v, ok := varI.(T); ok { // checked type assertion
Process(v)
return
}
// varI is not of type T
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`v` <20><> `varI` ת<><D7AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `T`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`ok` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `true`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `v` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `T` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>`ok` <20><> `false`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳû<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**Ӧ<><D3A6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6><EFBFBD>**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `if` <20>в<EFBFBD><D0B2><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `ok` <20><>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱʹ<CAB1><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>µķ<C2B5><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EEB7BD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>
```go
if _, ok := varI.(T); ok {
// ...
}
```
TODO ??<3F><>In this form shadowing the variable varI by giving varI and v the same name is sometimes done.
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.4 type_interfaces.go
```go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"math"
)
type Square struct {
side float32
}
type Circle struct {
radius float32
}
type Shaper interface {
Area() float32
}
func main() {
var areaIntf Shaper
sq1 := new(Square)
sq1.side = 5
areaIntf = sq1
// Is Square the type of areaIntf?
if t, ok := areaIntf.(*Square); ok {
fmt.Printf("The type of areaIntf is: %T\n", t)
}
if u, ok := areaIntf.(*Circle); ok {
fmt.Printf("The type of areaIntf is: %T\n", u)
} else {
fmt.Println("areaIntf does not contain a variable of type Circle")
}
}
func (sq *Square) Area() float32 {
return sq.side * sq.side
}
func (ci *Circle) Area() float32 {
return ci.radius * ci.radius * math.Pi
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
The type of areaIntf is: *main.Square
areaIntf does not contain a variable of type Circle
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Circle`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Shaper` <20>ӿڡ<D3BF> `t, ok := areaIntf.(*Square); ok ` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `areaIntf` <20><><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 'Square' <20><><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> 'Circle' <20><><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ񶨵ġ<F1B6A8B5>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע**
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `areaIntf.(*Square)` <20>е<EFBFBD> `*` <20>ţ<EFBFBD><C5A3>ᵼ<EFBFBD>±<EFBFBD><C2B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`impossible type assertion: Square does not implement Shaper (Area method has pointer receiver)`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD>׽ӿ<EFBFBD>](11.2.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>жϣ<EFBFBD>type-switch](11.4.md)

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# 11.4 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>жϣ<D0B6>type-switch
<EFBFBD>ӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `swtich` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣺**type-swtich** <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ʾ<><CABE> 11.4 <20>ĵڶ<C4B5><DAB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><D6A3><EFBFBD>
```go
switch t := areaIntf.(type) {
case *Square:
fmt.Printf("Type Square %T with value %v\n", t, t)
case *Circle:
fmt.Printf("Type Circle %T with value %v\n", t, t)
case nil:
fmt.Printf("nil value: nothing to check?\n")
default:
fmt.Printf("Unexpected type %T\n", t)
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
Type Square *main.Square with value &{5}
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `t` <20>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD> `areaIntf` <20><>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `case` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>оٵ<D0BE><D9B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>`nil` <20><><EFBFBD>⣩<EFBFBD><E2A3A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD>Ľӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>м<EFBFBD> `Shaper`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `case` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>оٵ<D0BE><D9B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3>ͻ<EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4>`default` <20><><EFBFBD>䡣
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `type-switch` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `type-switch` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `fallthrough` <20><>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>䣬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>磺
```go
switch areaIntf.(type) {
case *Square:
// TODO
case *Circle:
// TODO
...
default:
// TODO
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ຯ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɱ䳤<EFBFBD>Ȳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
func classifier(items ...interface{}) {
for i, x := range items {
switch x.(type) {
case bool:
fmt.Printf("Param #%d is a bool\n", i)
case float64:
fmt.Printf("Param #%d is a float64\n", i)
case int, int64:
fmt.Printf("Param #%d is a int\n", i)
case nil:
fmt.Printf("Param #%d is a nil\n", i)
case string:
fmt.Printf("Param #%d is a string\n", i)
default:
fmt.Printf("Param #%d is unknown\n", i)
}
}
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô˷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`classifier(13, -14.3, "BELGIUM", complex(1, 2), nil, false)` <20><>
<EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ⲿ<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>δ֪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> JSON <20><> XML <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2>Ժ<EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><D7AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>dz<EFBFBD><C7B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ʾ<><CABE>12.17(xml.go) <20>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD> XML <20>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5>ǣ<EFBFBD><C7A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿͻ<C7BE><CDBB>õ<EFBFBD> `type-switch` <20><>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.4** simple_interface2.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ϰ11.1 <20>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><DAB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `RSimple`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽ӿ<EFBFBD> `Simpler`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>дһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `fi`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Simple` <20><> `RSimple` <20><><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](11.3.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>](11.5.md)

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# 11.5 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ֵ<EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><C4B3><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.3 <20><><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٶ<EFBFBD> `v` <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Stringer` <20>ӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
type Stringer interface {
String() string
}
if sv, ok := v.(Stringer); ok {
fmt.Printf("v implements String(): %s\n", sv.String()) // note: sv, not v
}
```
`Print` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˼<EFBFBD><CBBC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>涨<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뿪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>ӿڵı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>̱<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʡ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǽӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD>
**ʹ<>ýӿ<C3BD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD>**
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ﵽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Խӿڸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õİ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>գ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ι<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD>ڽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>½<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ը<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>жϣ<EFBFBD>type-switch](11.4.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[ʹ<EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>](11.6.md)

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# 11.6 ʹ<>÷<EFBFBD><C3B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 10.6.3 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> methodset1.go <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڱ<EFBFBD><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵķ<CFB5><C4B7><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><D6B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>뻹<EFBFBD><EBBBB9>ֵ<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD><C4A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵʱ<D6B5><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е㸴<D0B5>ӣ<EFBFBD>ԭ<EFBFBD><D4AD><EFBFBD>ǽӿڱ<D3BF><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д洢<D0B4>ľ<EFBFBD><C4BE><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD>Ѱַ<D1B0>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5>ǣ<EFBFBD><C7A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ò<EFBFBD><C3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>󡣿<EFBFBD><F3A1A3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><C4B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.5 methodset2.go:
```go
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
type List []int
func (l List) Len() int {
return len(l)
}
func (l *List) Append(val int) {
*l = append(*l, val)
}
type Appender interface {
Append(int)
}
func CountInto(a Appender, start, end int) {
for i := start; i <= end; i++ {
a.Append(i)
}
}
type Lener interface {
Len() int
}
func LongEnough(l Lener) bool {
return l.Len()*10 > 42
}
func main() {
// A bare value
var lst List
// compiler error:
// cannot use lst (type List) as type Appender in argument to CountInto:
// List does not implement Appender (Append method has pointer receiver)
// CountInto(lst, 1, 10)
if LongEnough(lst) { // VALID:Identical receiver type
fmt.Printf("- lst is long enough\n")
}
// A pointer value
plst := new(List)
CountInto(plst, 1, 10) //VALID:Identical receiver type
if LongEnough(plst) {
// VALID: a *List can be dereferenced for the receiver
fmt.Printf("- plst is long enough\n")
}
}
```
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>**
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `lst` <20>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD> `CountInto` ʱ<>ᵼ<EFBFBD><E1B5BC>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ `CountInto` <20><>Ҫһ<D2AA><D2BB> `Appender`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Append` ֻ<><D6BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD>ϡ<EFBFBD> <20><> `lst` <20>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD> `LongEnough` <20>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Ե<EFBFBD><D4B5><EFBFBD>Ϊ 'Len' <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ϡ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `plst` <20>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD> `CountInto` <20>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Եģ<D4B5><C4A3><EFBFBD>Ϊ `CountInto` <20><>Ҫһ<D2AA><D2BB> `Appender`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Append` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD>ϡ<EFBFBD> <20><> `plst` <20>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD> `LongEnough` Ҳ<>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Եģ<D4B5><C4A3><EFBFBD>Ϊָ<CEAA><D6B8><EFBFBD>ᱻ<EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD>ܽ<EFBFBD>**
<EFBFBD>ڽӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>кͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>Ľ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԴӾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `P` ֱ<>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF>Ա<EFBFBD>ʶ<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>
- ָ<>뷽<EFBFBD><EBB7BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- ֵ<><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><C3A3><EFBFBD>Ϊָ<CEAA><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȱ<EFBFBD><C8B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><C3A3><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD>洢<EFBFBD>ڽӿ<DABD><D3BF>е<EFBFBD>ֵû<D6B5>е<EFBFBD>ַ
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڸ<EFBFBD>ֵʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>п<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵĽӿڷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ϱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD>ĸ<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ھͻ<EFBFBD>ʧ<EFBFBD>ܡ<EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע**
Go<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Թ淶<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽ӿڷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ù<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> *T <20>Ŀɵ<C4BF><C9B5>÷<EFBFBD><C3B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ *T <20><> T <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><D0B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> T <20>Ŀɵ<C4BF><C9B5>÷<EFBFBD><C3B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ T <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><D0B7><EFBFBD>
- <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> T <20>Ŀɵ<C4BF><C9B5>÷<EFBFBD><C3B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ *T <20>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>](11.5.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Sorter<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](11.7.md)

228
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@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
# 11.7 <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>Sorter<65>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܺõ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `sort` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB>Ҫʵ<D2AA><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӳԪ<D3B3>ظ<EFBFBD><D8B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Len()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƚϵ<EFBFBD> `i` <20><> `j` <20><>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD> `Less(i, j)` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `i` <20><> `j` <20><>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD> `Swap(i, j)` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㷨ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㷨<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ð<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򣩣<EFBFBD>
```go
func Sort(data Sorter) {
for pass := 1; pass < data.Len(); pass++ {
for i := 0;i < data.Len() - pass; i++ {
if data.Less(i+1, i) {
data.Swap(i, i + 1)
}
}
}
}
```
`Sort` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Sorter` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
type Sorter interface {
Len() int
Less(i, j int) bool
Swap(i, j int)
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD> `int` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵Ҫ<CBB5><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `int`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`i` <20><> `j` <20><>ʾԪ<CABE>ص<EFBFBD><D8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ġ<CDB5>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `int` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD>鶨һ<E9B6A8><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5> `Sorter` <20>ӿڵķ<DAB5><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
type IntArray []int
func (p IntArray) Len() int { return len(p) }
func (p IntArray) Less(i, j int) bool { return p[i] < p[j] }
func (p IntArray) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>
```go
data := []int{74, 59, 238, -784, 9845, 959, 905, 0, 0, 42, 7586, -5467984, 7586}
a := sort.IntArray(data) //conversion to type IntArray from package sort
sort.Sort(a)
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еĴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `sort.go` <20><> `sortmain.go` <20><><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B5><EFBFBD>
ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飬һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾÿ<EFBFBD>ܸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `dayArray`.
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.6 sort.go<67><6F>
```go
package sort
type Sorter interface {
Len() int
Less(i, j int) bool
Swap(i, j int)
}
func Sort(data Sorter) {
for pass := 1; pass < data.Len(); pass++ {
for i := 0; i < data.Len()-pass; i++ {
if data.Less(i+1, i) {
data.Swap(i, i+1)
}
}
}
}
func IsSorted(data Sorter) bool {
n := data.Len()
for i := n - 1; i > 0; i-- {
if data.Less(i, i-1) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Convenience types for common cases
type IntArray []int
func (p IntArray) Len() int { return len(p) }
func (p IntArray) Less(i, j int) bool { return p[i] < p[j] }
func (p IntArray) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }
type StringArray []string
func (p StringArray) Len() int { return len(p) }
func (p StringArray) Less(i, j int) bool { return p[i] < p[j] }
func (p StringArray) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }
// Convenience wrappers for common cases
func SortInts(a []int) { Sort(IntArray(a)) }
func SortStrings(a []string) { Sort(StringArray(a)) }
func IntsAreSorted(a []int) bool { return IsSorted(IntArray(a)) }
func StringsAreSorted(a []string) bool { return IsSorted(StringArray(a)) }
```
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.7 sortmain.go<67><6F>
```go
package main
import (
"./sort"
"fmt"
)
func ints() {
data := []int{74, 59, 238, -784, 9845, 959, 905, 0, 0, 42, 7586, -5467984, 7586}
a := sort.IntArray(data) //conversion to type IntArray
sort.Sort(a)
if !sort.IsSorted(a) {
panic("fails")
}
fmt.Printf("The sorted array is: %v\n", a)
}
func strings() {
data := []string{"monday", "friday", "tuesday", "wednesday", "sunday", "thursday", "", "saturday"}
a := sort.StringArray(data)
sort.Sort(a)
if !sort.IsSorted(a) {
panic("fail")
}
fmt.Printf("The sorted array is: %v\n", a)
}
type day struct {
num int
shortName string
longName string
}
type dayArray struct {
data []*day
}
func (p *dayArray) Len() int { return len(p.data) }
func (p *dayArray) Less(i, j int) bool { return p.data[i].num < p.data[j].num }
func (p *dayArray) Swap(i, j int) { p.data[i], p.data[j] = p.data[j], p.data[i] }
func days() {
Sunday := day{0, "SUN", "Sunday"}
Monday := day{1, "MON", "Monday"}
Tuesday := day{2, "TUE", "Tuesday"}
Wednesday := day{3, "WED", "Wednesday"}
Thursday := day{4, "THU", "Thursday"}
Friday := day{5, "FRI", "Friday"}
Saturday := day{6, "SAT", "Saturday"}
data := []*day{&Tuesday, &Thursday, &Wednesday, &Sunday, &Monday, &Friday, &Saturday}
a := dayArray{data}
sort.Sort(&a)
if !sort.IsSorted(&a) {
panic("fail")
}
for _, d := range data {
fmt.Printf("%s ", d.longName)
}
fmt.Printf("\n")
}
func main() {
ints()
strings()
days()
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
The sorted array is: [-5467984 -784 0 0 42 59 74 238 905 959 7586 7586 9845]
The sorted array is: [ friday monday saturday sunday thursday tuesday wednesday]
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע**<2A><>
`panic("fail")` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֹͣ<CDA3><D6B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD><DAB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>µij<C2B5><C4B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD><CFB8><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD> <20><>13<31>£<EFBFBD><C2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȻҲ<C8BB><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD>ӡһ<D3A1><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `os.Exit(1)` <20><>ֹͣ<CDA3><D6B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǽ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽ӿڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򣬱<EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ظ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ե<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`sort` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ӿڣ<D3BF>
```go
type Interface interface {
Len() int
Less(i, j int) bool
Swap(i, j int)
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>󷽷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Sort(data Interface)` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򣬿<EFBFBD><F2A3ACBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3>ǻ<EFBFBD><C7BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD> `int` <20><> `string` <20><><EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `dayArray` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.5** interfaces_ext.go<67><6F>
a). <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չ<EFBFBD><D5B9><EFBFBD>򣬶<EFBFBD><F2A3ACB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Triangle`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `AreaInterface` <20>ӿڡ<D3BF>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ض<EFBFBD><D8B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ε<EFBFBD><CEB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><D0B2>ԣ<EFBFBD><D4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>=0.5 * (<28><> * <20><>)<29><>
b). <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>½ӿ<C2BD> `PeriInterface`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Perimeter` <20>ӿڡ<D3BF><DAA1><EFBFBD> `Square` ʵ<><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Square` ʾ<><CABE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.6** point_interfaces.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 10.3 <20>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD>ϰ point_methods.go<67><6F><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD> `Magnitude`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Abs()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Point`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Point3` <20><>`Polar` ʵ<>ִ˽ӿڡ<D3BF>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͱ<EFBFBD><CDB1><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><C3B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>point.go<67><6F>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>顣
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.7** float_sort.go / float_sortmain.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>11.7<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>11.3/4<><34><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `float64`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ﶨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Float64Array`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Sorter` <20>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `float64` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>·<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- `NewFloat64Array()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>25<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD>10.2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- `List()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `String()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><D8B5><EFBFBD> `List()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1><EFBFBD>飨<EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD>10.7<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- `Fill()`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>10<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飨<EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD>4.5.2.6<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>½<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򲢽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.8** sort.go/sort_persons.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Person`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<EFBFBD>`firstName` <20><> `lastName`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ `[]Person` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Persons` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Persons` ʵ<><CAB5> `Sorter` <20>ӿڲ<D3BF><DAB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><D0B2>ԡ<EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[ʹ<EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>](11.6.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д](11.8.md)

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# 11.8 <20>ڶ<EFBFBD><DAB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><D3A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ձ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뵽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>棨<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֽڻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȵȣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>߶<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뾡<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD>Go <20><>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1>һ<EFBFBD>µķ<C2B5>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD>
`io` <20><><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><DAB6><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD>Ľӿڣ<D3BF>`io.Reader` <20><> `io.Writer`
```go
type Reader interface {
Read(p []byte) (n int, err error)
}
type Writer interface {
Write(p []byte) (n int, err error)
}
```
ֻҪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˶<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD>ӿڣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ `Read()` <20><> `Write` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><CDBF>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ǿɶ<C7BF><C9B6>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5> `io.Reader` <20>ӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ǩ<EFBFBD><C7A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Read(p []byte) (n int, err error)` <20>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>϶<EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѷ<EFBFBD><D1B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݷ<EFBFBD><DDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5>ֽ<EFBFBD><D6BD><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD>󷵻ض<F3B7B5BB>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD>ֽ<EFBFBD><D6BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `error` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 'nil'<27><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѿ<EFBFBD><D1BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD><CBA3>᷵<EFBFBD><E1B7B5> `io.EOF("EOF")`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>󣬾ͻ᷵<EFBFBD>ؾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƶأ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `io.Writer` <20>ӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>Ҳֻ<D2B2><D6BB>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ǩ<EFBFBD><C7A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Write(p []byte) (n int, err error)` <20>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD>ֽ<EFBFBD><D6BD><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFA3AC>󷵻<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֽ<EFBFBD><D6BD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `error` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `nil`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
`io` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Readers` <20><> `Writers` <20><><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>`bufio` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD>˶<EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><C4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD>д `UTF-8` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ļ<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD><C3A1><EFBFBD> <20><>12<31><32> <20><><EFBFBD>ǻῴ<C7BB><E1BFB4>ʵսʹ<D5BD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵĺܶ<C4BA><DCB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>о<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD>ӿڣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ø<EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD>ӿڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ö<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `JPEG` ͼ<>ν<EFBFBD><CEBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Reader` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Խ<EFBFBD><D4BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4>̡<EFBFBD><CCA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӻ<EFBFBD><D3BB><EFBFBD> `gzip` ѹ<><D1B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `HTTP` <20><><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD> `JPEG`ͼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`Reader` <20>ӿڵĶ<DAB5><C4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Sorter<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](11.7.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>սӿ<EFBFBD>](11.9.md)

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# 11.9 <20>սӿ<D5BD>
## 11.9.1 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD>սӿڻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD>**<2A><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κη<CEBA><CEB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><D6B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
type Any interface {}
```
<EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˿սӿڣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Java/C#` <20><> `Object` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD>`any` <20><> `Any` <20>ǿսӿ<D5BD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ܺõı<C3B5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4>
<EFBFBD>սӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Java/C#` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ļ<EFBFBD><C4BB>ࣺ `Object` <20>࣬<EFBFBD><E0A3AC><EFBFBD>ߵ<EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ը<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>սӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `var val interface {}` <20><><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.8 empty_interface.go<67><6F>
```go
package main
import "fmt"
var i = 5
var str = "ABC"
type Person struct {
name string
age int
}
type Any interface{}
func main() {
var val Any
val = 5
fmt.Printf("val has the value: %v\n", val)
val = str
fmt.Printf("val has the value: %v\n", val)
pers1 := new(Person)
pers1.name = "Rob Pike"
pers1.age = 55
val = pers1
fmt.Printf("val has the value: %v\n", val)
switch t := val.(type) {
case int:
fmt.Printf("Type int %T\n", t)
case string:
fmt.Printf("Type string %T\n", t)
case bool:
fmt.Printf("Type boolean %T\n", t)
case *Person:
fmt.Printf("Type pointer to Person %T\n", t)
default:
fmt.Printf("Unexpected type %T", t)
}
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
val has the value: 5
val has the value: ABC
val has the value: &{Rob Pike 55}
Type pointer to Person *main.Person
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `val` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD><CEB8><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `int`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`string` <20><> `Person` ʵ<><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9> `type-swtich` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF> `interface {}` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><DAB4><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD><D5BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֳ<EFBFBD><D6B3><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>洢<EFBFBD><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>洢<EFBFBD><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݻ<EFBFBD><DDBB><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݵ<EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>롣
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> emptyint_switch.go ˵<><CBB5><EFBFBD>˿սӿ<D5BD><D3BF><EFBFBD> `type-swtich` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `lambda` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><C3B7><EFBFBD>
```go
package main
import "fmt"
type specialString string
var whatIsThis specialString = "hello"
func TypeSwitch() {
testFunc := func(any interface{}) {
switch v := any.(type) {
case bool:
fmt.Printf("any %v is a bool type", v)
case int:
fmt.Printf("any %v is an int type", v)
case float32:
fmt.Printf("any %v is a float32 type", v)
case string:
fmt.Printf("any %v is a string type", v)
case specialString:
fmt.Printf("any %v is a special String!", v)
default:
fmt.Println("unknown type!")
}
}
testFunc(whatIsThis)
}
func main() {
TypeSwitch()
}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
any hello is a special String!
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.9** simple_interface3.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ϰ11.2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `gI` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٽ<EFBFBD><D9BD><EFBFBD> `Simpler` <20><><EFBFBD>͵IJ<CDB5><C4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǽ<EFBFBD><C7BD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>սӿڲ<D3BF><DAB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>жϲ<D0B6><CFB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD> `Simpler` <20><><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD><CDA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `main` ʹ<><CAB9> `gI` ȡ<><C8A1> `fI` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㹻<EFBFBD><E3B9BB>ȫ<EFBFBD><C8AB>
## 11.9.2 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><CDBB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD>ͱ<EFBFBD><CDB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 7.6.6 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܱ<EFBFBD><DCB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `int` <20><><EFBFBD>顢`float` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD> `string` <20><><EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><E9A3AC>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><CDB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><D8A3>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>DZ<EFBFBD><C7B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ÿսӿڡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>սӿڶ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Element`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`type Element interface{}`
Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵Ľṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Vector`<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Element` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><D8B5><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD><C6AC>
```go
type Vector struct {
a []Element
}
```
`Vector` <20><><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><DCB7>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD>˿սӿڣ<D3BF>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Vector` <20><><EFBFBD>ŵ<EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ؿ<EFBFBD><D8BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD>͵ı<CDB5><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `At()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD><DAB7>ص<EFBFBD> `i` <20><>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>
```go
func (p *Vector) At(i int) Element {
return p.a[i]
}
```
<EFBFBD>ٶ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Set()` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD> `i` <20><>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
```go
func (p *Vector) Set(i int, e Element) {
p.a[i] = e
}
```
`Vector` <20>д洢<D0B4><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ض<EFBFBD><D8B6><EFBFBD> `Element` <20><><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD>ԭʼ<D4AD><CABC><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>unboxing<6E><67><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>䣩<EFBFBD><E4A3A9>Ҫ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6>ԡ<EFBFBD>TODO<44><4F>The compiler rejects assertions guaranteed to fail<69><6C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>ִ<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
**<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϰ 11.10** min_interface.go / minmain.go<67><6F>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>11.7<EFBFBD>п<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Sorter` <20>ӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Miner` <20>ӿڲ<D3BF>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9>Ҫ<EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><C4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Min` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> `Miner` <20><><EFBFBD>ͱ<EFBFBD><CDB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC>ϣ<EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㲢<EFBFBD><E3B2A2><EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><D8BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><D0A1>Ԫ<EFBFBD>ء<EFBFBD>
## 11.9.3 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD><C6AC><EFBFBD>սӿ<D5BD><D3BF><EFBFBD>Ƭ
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `myType` <20><><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><CDB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD><C6AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뽫<EFBFBD><EBBDAB>Ƭ<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݸ<EFBFBD><DDB8>Ƶ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>սӿ<D5BD><D3BF><EFBFBD>Ƭ<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD>
```go
var dataSlice []myType = FuncReturnSlice()
var interfaceSlice []interface{} = dataSlice
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>`cannot use dataSlice (type []myType) as type []interface { } in assignment`
ԭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еIJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD>[http://golang.org/doc/go_spec.html](http://golang.org/doc/go_spec.html)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `for-range` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD>ظ<EFBFBD><D8B8>ƣ<EFBFBD>
```go
var dataSlice []myType = FuncReturnSlice()
var interfaceSlice []interface{} = make([]interface{}, len(dataSlice))
for ix, d := range dataSlice {
interfaceSlice[i] = d
}
```
## 11.9.4 ͨ<><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵Ľڵ<C4BD><DAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݽṹ
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>10.1<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݽṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵĶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>ֽнڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵݹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ÿսӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶε<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD>õĴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>롣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺ͨ<EFBFBD>ö<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>塢<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>սڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `NewNode` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݵ<EFBFBD> `SetData` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>.
ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 11.10 node_structures.go:
```go
package main
import "fmt"
type Node struct {
le *Node
data interface{}
ri *Node
}
func NewNode(left, right *Node) *Node {
return &Node{left, nil, right}
}
func (n *Node) SetData(data interface{}) {
n.data = data
}
func main() {
root := NewNode(nil, nil)
root.SetData("root node")
// make child (leaf) nodes:
a := NewNode(nil, nil)
a.SetData("left node")
b := NewNode(nil, nil)
b.SetData("right node")
root.le = a
root.ri = b
fmt.Printf("%v\n", root) // Output: &{0x125275f0 root node 0x125275e0}
}
```
## 11.9.5 <20>ӿڵ<D3BF><DAB5>ӿ<EFBFBD>
һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڵ<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ը<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӿڱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻҪ<EFBFBD>ײ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˱<EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>м<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʧ<EFBFBD>ܻᵼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 'Go' <20><><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC>һ<EFBFBD>棬<EFBFBD><E6A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `Ruby` <20><> `Python` <20><>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƚϡ<C8BD>
<EFBFBD>ٶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
```go
var ai AbsInterface // declares method Abs()
type SqrInterface interface {
Sqr() float
}
var si SqrInterface
pp := new(Point) // say *Point implements Abs, Sqr
var empty interface{}
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǺϷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>
```go
empty = pp // everything satisfies empty
ai = empty.(AbsInterface) // underlying value pp implements Abs()
// (runtime failure otherwise)
si = ai.(SqrInterface) // *Point has Sqr() even though AbsInterface doesn<73><6E>t
empty = si // *Point implements empty set
// Note: statically checkable so type assertion not necessary.
```
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>
```go
type myPrintInterface interface {
print()
}
func f3(x myInterface) {
x.(myPrintInterface).print() // type assertion to myPrintInterface
}
```
`x` ת<><D7AA>Ϊ `myPrintInterface` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȫ<EFBFBD><C8AB>̬<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>ֻҪ `x` <20>ĵײ<C4B5><D7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><CCAC><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> `print` <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>þͿ<C3BE><CDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>
## <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
- [Ŀ¼](directory.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д](11.8.md)
- <20><>һ<EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>](11.10.md)

12
eBook/directory.md
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@@ -93,8 +93,16 @@
- 10.6 [方法](10.6.md)
- 10.7 [类型的 String() 方法和格式化描述符](10.7.md)
- 10.8 [垃圾回收和 SetFinalizer](10.8.md)
- 第11章：接口（interface）与反射（reflection）
- 11.1 [什么是接口？](11.1.md)
- 第11章：[接口（interface）与反射（reflection）](11.0.md)
- 11.1 [接口是什么](11.1.md)
- 11.2 [接口嵌套接口](11.2.md)
- 11.3 [类型断言：如何检测和转换接口变量的类型](11.3.md)
- 11.4 [类型判断：type-switch](11.4.md)
- 11.5 [测试一个值是否实现了某个接口](11.5.md)
- 11.6 [使用方法集与接口](11.6.md)
- 11.7 [第一个例子：使用Sorter接口排序](11.7.md)
- 11.8 [第二个例子：读和写](11.8.md)
- 11.9 [空接口](11.9.md)
## 第三部分：Go 高级编程

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