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#8.2 删除元素
测试map1中是否存在key1
在例子8.1中我们已经见过可以使用val1 = map1[key1]的方法获取key1对应的值val1。如果map中不存在key1val1就是一个值类型的空值。
这就会给我们带来困惑了现在我们没法区分到底是key1不存在还是它对应的value就是空值。
为了解决这个问题,我们可以这么用: val1, isPresent = map1[key1]
isPresent返回一个bool值如果key1存在于map1val1就是key1对应的value值并且isPresent为true如果key1不存在val1就是一个空值并且isPresent会返回false。
如果你只是想判断某个key是否存在而不关心它对应的值到底是多少你可以这么做
_, ok := map1[key1] // 如果key1存在则ok == true否在ok为false
或者和if混合使用
if _, ok := map1[key1]; ok {
// ...
}
从map1中删除key1
直接: delete(map1, key1)
如果key1不存在该操作不会产生错误。
示例 8.4 [map_testelement.go](exmaples/chapter_8/map_testelement.go)
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var value int
var isPresent bool
map1 := make(map[string]int)
map1["New Delhi"] = 55
map1["Beijing"] = 20
map1["Washington"] = 25
value, isPresent = map1["Beijing"]
if isPresent {
fmt.Printf("The value of \"Beijin\" in map1 is: %d\n", value)
} else {
fmt.Printf("map1 does not contain Beijing")
}
value, isPresent = map1["Paris"]
fmt.Printf("Is \"Paris\" in map1 ?: %t\n", isPresent)
fmt.Printf("Value is: %d\n", value)
// delete an item:
delete(map1, "Washington")
value, isPresent = map1["Washington"]
if isPresent {
fmt.Printf("The value of \"Washington\" in map1 is: %d\n", value)
} else {
fmt.Println("map1 does not contain Washington")
}
}
输出结果:
The value of "Beijing" in map1 is: 20
Is "Paris" in map1 ?: false
Value is: 0
map1 does not contain Washington
##链接
- [目录](directory.md)
- 上一节:[声明,初始化和make](08.1.md)
- 下一节:[for循环构造方法](08.3.md)