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Update 15.3.md
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@@ -46,4 +46,80 @@ rty did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection f
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示例 15.8 [http_fetch.go](examples/chapter_15/http_fetch.go):
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示例 15.8 [http_fetch.go](examples/chapter_15/http_fetch.go):
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```go
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"io/ioutil"
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"log"
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"net/http"
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)
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func main() {
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res, err := http.Get("http://www.google.com")
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checkError(err)
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data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
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checkError(err)
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fmt.Printf("Got: %q", string(data))
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}
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func checkError(err error) {
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if err != nil {
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log.Fatalf("Get : %v", err)
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}
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}
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```
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```
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当访问不存在的网站时,这里有一个`CheckError`输出错误的例子:
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```
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2011/09/30 11:24:15 Get: Get http://www.google.bex: dial tcp www.google.bex:80:GetHostByName: No such host is known.
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```
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***译者注*** 和上一个例子相似,你可以把google.com更换为一个国内可以顺畅访问的网址进行测试
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在下边的程序中,我们获取一个twitter用户的状态,通过`xml`包将这个状态解析成为一个结构:
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示例 15.9 [twitter_status.go](examples/chapter_15/twitter_status.go)
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"encoding/xml"
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"fmt"
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"net/http"
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)
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/*这个结构会保存解析后的返回数据。
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他们会形成有层级的XML,可以忽略一些无用的数据*/
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type Status struct {
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Text string
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}
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type User struct {
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XMLName xml.Name
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Status Status
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}
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func main() {
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// 发起请求查询推特Goodland用户的状态
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response, _ := http.Get("http://twitter.com/users/Googland.xml")
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// 初始化XML返回值的结构
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user := User{xml.Name{"", "user"}, Status{""}}
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// 将XML解析为我们的结构
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xml.Unmarshal(response.Body, &user)
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fmt.Printf("status: %s", user.Status.Text)
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}
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```
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输出:
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```
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status: Robot cars invade California, on orders from Google: Google has been testing self-driving cars ... http://bit.ly/cbtpUN http://retwt.me/97p<exit code="0" msg="process exited normally"/>
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```
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**译者注** 和上边的示例相似,你可能无法获取到xml数据,另外由于go版本的更新,`xml.Unmarshal`函数的第一个参数需是[]byte类型,而无法传入`Body`。
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我们会在[章节15.4](15.4.md)中用到`http`包中的其他重要的函数:
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* `http.Redirect(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, url string, code int)`:这个函数会让浏览器重定向到url(是请求的url的相对路径)以及状态码。
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* `http.NotFound(w ResponseWriter, r *Request)`:这个函数将返回网页没有找到,HTTP 404错误。
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* `http.Error(w ResponseWriter, error string, code int)`:这个函数返回特定的错误信息和HTTP代码。
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* 另`http.Request`对象的一个重要属性`req`:`req.Method`,这是一个包含`GET`或`POST`字符串,用来描述网页是以何种方式被请求的。
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```
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