diff --git a/eBook/15.2.md b/eBook/15.2.md index 8648677..dbbe227 100644 --- a/eBook/15.2.md +++ b/eBook/15.2.md @@ -112,5 +112,5 @@ func (obj *Typ) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) { ## 链接 - [目录](directory.md) -- 上一章:[tcp服务器](15.1.md) +- 上一节:[tcp服务器](15.1.md) - 下一节:[访问并读取页面数据](15.3.md) diff --git a/eBook/15.3.md b/eBook/15.3.md index c4e582e..7e5c8eb 100644 --- a/eBook/15.3.md +++ b/eBook/15.3.md @@ -150,5 +150,5 @@ go为所有的HTTP状态码定义了常量,比如: ## 链接 - [目录](directory.md) -- 上一章:[一个简单的网页服务器](15.2.md) +- 上一节:[一个简单的网页服务器](15.2.md) - 下一节:[写一个简单的网页应用](15.4.md) diff --git a/eBook/15.4.md b/eBook/15.4.md index d70f068..1b9413f 100644 --- a/eBook/15.4.md +++ b/eBook/15.4.md @@ -62,5 +62,5 @@ func main() { ![](../images/15.4_fig15.1.jpg?raw=true) - [目录](directory.md) -- 上一章:[访问并读取页面](15.3.md) -- 下一节:[常见的陷阱与错误](16.0.md) +- 上一节:[访问并读取页面](15.3.md) +- 下一节:[确保网页应用健壮](15.5.md) diff --git a/eBook/15.5.md b/eBook/15.5.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..96106e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/eBook/15.5.md @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +# 15.5 确保网页应用健壮 + +当网页应用的处理函数发生 panic,服务器会简单地终止运行。这可不妙:网页服务器必须是足够健壮的程序,能够承受任何可能的突发问题。 + +首先能想到的是在每个处理函数中使用 `defer/recover`,不过这样会产生太多的重复代码。[13.5节](13.5.md) 使用闭包的错误处理模式是更优雅的方案。我们把这种机制应用到前一章的简单网页服务器上。实际上,它可以被简单地应用到任何网页服务器程序中。 + +为增强代码可读性,我们为页面处理函数创建一个类型: +```go +type HandleFnc func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) +``` + +我们的错误处理函数应用了[13.5节](13.5.md) 的模式,成为 `logPanics` 函数: +```go +func logPanics(function HandleFnc) HandleFnc { + return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + defer func() { + if x := recover(); x != nil { + log.Printf("[%v] caught panic: %v", request.RemoteAddr, x) + } + }() + function(writer, request) + } +} +``` + +然后我们用 `logPanics` 来包装对处理函数的调用: +```go +http.HandleFunc("/test1", logPanics(SimpleServer)) +http.HandleFunc("/test2", logPanics(FormServer)) +``` + +处理函数现在可以恢复 panic 调用,类似[13.5节](13.5.md) 中的错误检测函数。完整代码如下: + +示例 15.11 [robust_webserver.go](examples/chapter_15/robust_webserver.go) + +```go +package main + +import ( + "io" + "log" + "net/http" +) + +const form = `
+ + +
` + +type HandleFnc func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) + +/* handle a simple get request */ +func SimpleServer(w http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + io.WriteString(w, "

hello, world

") +} + +/* handle a form, both the GET which displays the form + and the POST which processes it.*/ +func FormServer(w http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html") + switch request.Method { + case "GET": + /* display the form to the user */ + io.WriteString(w, form) + case "POST": + /* handle the form data, note that ParseForm must + be called before we can extract form data*/ + //request.ParseForm(); + //io.WriteString(w, request.Form["in"][0]) + io.WriteString(w, request.FormValue("in")) + } +} + +func main() { + http.HandleFunc("/test1", logPanics(SimpleServer)) + http.HandleFunc("/test2", logPanics(FormServer)) + if err := http.ListenAndServe(":8088", nil); err != nil { + panic(err) + } +} + +func logPanics(function HandleFnc) HandleFnc { + return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + defer func() { + if x := recover(); x != nil { + log.Printf("[%v] caught panic: %v", request.RemoteAddr, x) + } + }() + function(writer, request) + } +} +``` + +## 链接 + +- [目录](directory.md) +- 上一节:[写一个简单的网页应用](15.4.md) +- 下一节:[用模板写网页应用](15.6.md) diff --git a/eBook/examples/chapter_15/robust_webserver.go b/eBook/examples/chapter_15/robust_webserver.go new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f40d08b --- /dev/null +++ b/eBook/examples/chapter_15/robust_webserver.go @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +// robust_webserver.go +package main + +import ( + "net/http" + "io" + "log" +) + +const form = `
+ + +
` + +type HandleFnc func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) + +/* handle a simple get request */ +func SimpleServer(w http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + io.WriteString(w, "

hello, world

") +} + +/* handle a form, both the GET which displays the form + and the POST which processes it.*/ +func FormServer(w http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html") + switch request.Method { + case "GET": + /* display the form to the user */ + io.WriteString(w, form) + case "POST": + /* handle the form data, note that ParseForm must + be called before we can extract form data*/ + //request.ParseForm(); + //io.WriteString(w, request.Form["in"][0]) + io.WriteString(w, request.FormValue("in")) + } +} + +func main() { + http.HandleFunc("/test1", logPanics(SimpleServer)) + http.HandleFunc("/test2", logPanics(FormServer)) + if err := http.ListenAndServe(":8088", nil); err != nil { + panic(err) + } +} + +func logPanics(function HandleFnc) HandleFnc { + return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) { + defer func() { + if x := recover(); x != nil { + log.Printf("[%v] caught panic: %v", request.RemoteAddr, x) + } + }() + function(writer, request) + } +}