Stable version 0.3.2

This release is dedicated to knirch, mcandre, Dridi,
ptman, pihentagy, Riviera, and everyone else who keeps
submitting bug reports and feature suggestions!

README

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-ShellCheck - A shell script static analysis tool
-http://www.vidarholen.net/contents/shellcheck
-
-Copyright 2012, Vidar 'koala_man' Holen
-Licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License, v3
-
-The goals of ShellCheck are:
-
-  - To point out and clarify typical beginner's syntax issues,
-    that causes a shell to give cryptic error messages.
-
-  - To point out and clarify typical intermediate level semantic problems,
-    that causes a shell to behave strangely and counter-intuitively.
-
-  - To point out subtle caveats, corner cases and pitfalls, that may cause an
-    advanced user's otherwise working script to fail under future circumstances.
-
-ShellCheck is written in Haskell, and requires GHC, Parsec3 and Text.Regex. 
-To build the JSON interface and run the unit tests, it also requires QuickCheck2 and JSON.
-
-On Fedora, these can be installed with:
-  yum install cabal-install ghc ghc-parsec-devel ghc-QuickCheck-devel ghc-json-devel ghc-regex-compat-devel
-
-On Ubuntu and similar, use:
-  apt-get install ghc libghc-parsec3-dev libghc-json-dev libghc-regex-compat-dev libghc-quickcheck2-dev cabal-install
-
-For older releases, you may have to use:
-  apt-get install ghc6 libghc6-parsec3-dev libghc6-quickcheck2-dev libghc6-json-dev libghc-regex-compat-dev cabal-install
-
-Executables can be built with cabal. Tests currently still rely on a Makefile.
-
-Install:
-  cabal install
-
-  which shellcheck
-  ~/.cabal/bin/shellcheck
-
-Happy ShellChecking!

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# ShellCheck - A shell script static analysis tool
+
+http://www.shellcheck.net
+
+Copyright 2012-2014, Vidar 'koala_man' Holen
+Licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License, v3
+
+The goals of ShellCheck are:
+
+  - To point out and clarify typical beginner's syntax issues,
+    that causes a shell to give cryptic error messages.
+
+  - To point out and clarify typical intermediate level semantic problems,
+    that causes a shell to behave strangely and counter-intuitively.
+
+  - To point out subtle caveats, corner cases and pitfalls, that may cause an
+    advanced user's otherwise working script to fail under future circumstances.
+
+ShellCheck requires at least 1 GB of RAM to compile. Executables can be built with cabal. Tests currently still rely on a Makefile.
+
+
+## Building with Cabal
+
+Make sure cabal is installed. On Debian based distros:
+
+    apt-get install cabal-install
+
+On Fedora:
+
+    yum install cabal-install
+
+On Mac OS X with homebrew (http://brew.sh/):
+
+    brew install cabal-install
+
+On Mac OS X with MacPorts (http://www.macports.org/):
+
+    port install hs-cabal-install
+
+With cabal installed, cd to the shellcheck source directory and:
+
+    $ cabal install
+    ...
+    $ which shellcheck
+    ~/.cabal/bin/shellcheck
+
+
+## Building with Make
+
+ShellCheck is written in Haskell, and requires GHC, Parsec3, JSON and
+Text.Regex. To run the unit tests, it also requires QuickCheck2.
+
+On Fedora, these can be installed with:
+
+    yum install ghc ghc-parsec-devel ghc-QuickCheck-devel \
+      ghc-json-devel ghc-regex-compat-devel
+
+On Ubuntu and similar, use:
+
+    apt-get install ghc libghc-parsec3-dev libghc-json-dev \
+      libghc-regex-compat-dev libghc-quickcheck2-dev
+
+To build and run the tests, cd to the shellcheck source directory and:
+
+    $ make
+
+
+Happy ShellChecking!

ShellCheck.cabal

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 Name:             ShellCheck
-Version:          0.3.0
+-- Must also be updated in ShellCheck/Data.hs :
+Version:          0.3.2
 Synopsis:         Shell script analysis tool
 License:          OtherLicense
 License-file:     LICENSE
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ Author:           Vidar Holen
 Maintainer:       vidar@vidarholen.net
 Homepage:         http://www.shellcheck.net/
 Build-Type:       Simple
-Cabal-Version:    >= 1.6
+Cabal-Version:    >= 1.8
 Bug-reports:      https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck/issues
 Description:
   The goals of ShellCheck are:
@@ -27,8 +28,29 @@ source-repository head
     location: git://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck.git
 
 library
-    build-depends: base >= 4, base < 5, parsec, containers, regex-compat, mtl, directory, json
-    exposed-modules: ShellCheck.AST, ShellCheck.Data, ShellCheck.Parser, ShellCheck.Analytics, ShellCheck.Simple
+    build-depends:
+      base >= 4 && < 5,
+      containers,
+      directory,
+      json,
+      mtl,
+      parsec,
+      regex-compat
+    exposed-modules:
+      ShellCheck.Analytics
+      ShellCheck.AST
+      ShellCheck.Data
+      ShellCheck.Parser
+      ShellCheck.Simple
 
 executable shellcheck
+    build-depends:
+      ShellCheck,
+      base >= 4 && < 5,
+      containers,
+      directory,
+      json,
+      mtl,
+      parsec,
+      regex-compat
     main-is: shellcheck.hs

ShellCheck/AST.hs

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ data Id = Id Int deriving (Show, Eq, Ord)
 data Quoted = Quoted | Unquoted deriving (Show, Eq)
 data Dashed = Dashed | Undashed deriving (Show, Eq)
 data AssignmentMode = Assign | Append deriving (Show, Eq)
+data FunctionKeyword = FunctionKeyword Bool deriving (Show, Eq)
+data FunctionParentheses = FunctionParentheses Bool deriving (Show, Eq)
 
 data Token =
     TA_Base Id String Token
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ data Token =
     | T_For Id
     | T_ForArithmetic Id Token Token Token [Token]
     | T_ForIn Id String [Token] [Token]
-    | T_Function Id String Token
+    | T_Function Id FunctionKeyword FunctionParentheses String Token
     | T_GREATAND Id
     | T_Glob Id String
     | T_Greater Id
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ data Token =
     | T_NormalWord Id [Token]
     | T_OR_IF Id
     | T_OrIf Id (Token) (Token)
-    | T_Pipeline Id [Token]
+    | T_Pipeline Id [Token] [Token] -- [Pipe separators] [Commands]
     | T_ProcSub Id String [Token]
     | T_Rbrace Id
     | T_Redirecting Id [Token] Token
@@ -118,6 +120,7 @@ data Token =
     | T_While Id
     | T_WhileExpression Id [Token] [Token]
     | T_Annotation Id [Annotation] Token
+    | T_Pipe Id String
     deriving (Show)
 
 data Annotation = DisableComment Integer deriving (Show, Eq)
@@ -126,12 +129,12 @@ data ConditionType = DoubleBracket | SingleBracket deriving (Show, Eq)
 -- I apologize for nothing!
 lolHax s = Re.subRegex (Re.mkRegex "(Id [0-9]+)") (show s) "(Id 0)"
 instance Eq Token where
-    (==) a b = (lolHax a) == (lolHax b)
+    (==) a b = lolHax a == lolHax b
 
 
 analyze :: Monad m => (Token -> m ()) -> (Token -> m ()) -> (Token -> Token) -> Token -> m Token
-analyze f g i t =
-    round t
+analyze f g i =
+    round
   where
     round t = do
         f t
@@ -180,7 +183,7 @@ analyze f g i t =
         b <- round cmd
         return $ T_Redirecting id a b
     delve (T_SimpleCommand id vars cmds) = dll vars cmds $ T_SimpleCommand id
-    delve (T_Pipeline id l) = dl l $ T_Pipeline id
+    delve (T_Pipeline id l1 l2) = dll l1 l2 $ T_Pipeline id
     delve (T_Banged id l) = d1 l $ T_Banged id
     delve (T_AndIf id t u) = d2 t u $ T_AndIf id
     delve (T_OrIf id t u) = d2 t u $ T_OrIf id
@@ -218,7 +221,7 @@ analyze f g i t =
         return $ T_ForArithmetic id x y z list
 
     delve (T_Script id s l) = dl l $ T_Script id s
-    delve (T_Function id name body) = d1 body $ T_Function id name
+    delve (T_Function id a b name body) = d1 body $ T_Function id a b name
     delve (T_Condition id typ token) = d1 token $ T_Condition id typ
     delve (T_Extglob id str l) = dl l $ T_Extglob id str
     delve (T_DollarBraced id op) = d1 op $ T_DollarBraced id
@@ -295,7 +298,7 @@ getId t = case t of
         T_Array id _  -> id
         T_Redirecting id _ _  -> id
         T_SimpleCommand id _ _  -> id
-        T_Pipeline id _  -> id
+        T_Pipeline id _ _  -> id
         T_Banged id _  -> id
         T_AndIf id _ _ -> id
         T_OrIf id _ _ -> id
@@ -308,7 +311,7 @@ getId t = case t of
         T_ForIn id _ _ _  -> id
         T_SelectIn id _ _ _  -> id
         T_CaseExpression id _ _ -> id
-        T_Function id _ _  -> id
+        T_Function id _ _ _ _  -> id
         T_Arithmetic id _  -> id
         T_Script id _ _  -> id
         T_Condition id _ _  -> id
@@ -335,10 +338,18 @@ getId t = case t of
         T_DollarDoubleQuoted id _ -> id
         T_DollarBracket id _ -> id
         T_Annotation id _ _ -> id
+        T_Pipe id _ -> id
 
 blank :: Monad m => Token -> m ()
 blank = const $ return ()
-doAnalysis f t = analyze f blank id t
-doStackAnalysis startToken endToken t = analyze startToken endToken id t
-doTransform i t = runIdentity $ analyze blank blank i t
+doAnalysis f = analyze f blank id
+doStackAnalysis startToken endToken = analyze startToken endToken id
+doTransform i = runIdentity . analyze blank blank i
 
+isLoop t = case t of
+        T_WhileExpression {} -> True
+        T_UntilExpression {} -> True
+        T_ForIn {} -> True
+        T_ForArithmetic {} -> True
+        T_SelectIn {}  -> True
+        _ -> False

ShellCheck/Data.hs

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 module ShellCheck.Data where
 
+shellcheckVersion = "0.3.2"  -- Must also be updated in ShellCheck.cabal
+
 internalVariables = [
     -- Generic
-    "", "_",
+    "", "_", "rest", "REST",
 
     -- Bash
     "BASH", "BASHOPTS", "BASHPID", "BASH_ALIASES", "BASH_ARGC",

ShellCheck/Parser.hs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 -}
 {-# LANGUAGE NoMonomorphismRestriction #-}
 
-module ShellCheck.Parser (Note(..), Severity(..), parseShell, ParseResult(..), ParseNote(..), notesFromMap, Metadata(..), sortNotes) where
+module ShellCheck.Parser (Note(..), Severity(..), parseShell, ParseResult(..), ParseNote(..), sortNotes, noteToParseNote) where
 
 import ShellCheck.AST
 import ShellCheck.Data
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ import System.IO
 import Text.Parsec.Error
 import GHC.Exts (sortWith)
 
-lastError = 1074
-
 backslash = char '\\'
 linefeed = (optional carriageReturn) >> char '\n'
 singleQuote = char '\'' <|> unicodeSingleQuote
@@ -48,14 +46,18 @@ tokenDelimiter = oneOf "&|;<> \t\n\r" <|> nbsp
 quotableChars = "|&;<>()\\ '\t\n\r\xA0" ++ doubleQuotableChars
 quotable = nbsp <|> unicodeDoubleQuote <|> oneOf quotableChars
 bracedQuotable = oneOf "}\"$`'"
-doubleQuotableChars = "\"$`\x201C\x201D"
+doubleQuotableChars = "\"$`" ++ unicodeDoubleQuoteChars
 doubleQuotable = unicodeDoubleQuote <|> oneOf doubleQuotableChars
 whitespace = oneOf " \t\n" <|> carriageReturn <|> nbsp
 linewhitespace = oneOf " \t" <|> nbsp
 
+suspectCharAfterQuotes = variableChars <|> char '%'
+
 extglobStartChars = "?*@!+"
 extglobStart = oneOf extglobStartChars
 
+unicodeDoubleQuoteChars = "\x201C\x201D\x2033\x2036"
+
 prop_spacing = isOk spacing "  \\\n # Comment"
 spacing = do
     x <- many (many1 linewhitespace <|> (try $ string "\\\n"))
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ allspacingOrFail = do
 
 unicodeDoubleQuote = do
     pos <- getPosition
-    char '\x201C' <|> char '\x201D'
+    oneOf unicodeDoubleQuoteChars
     parseProblemAt pos WarningC 1015 "This is a unicode double quote. Delete and retype it."
     return '"'
 
@@ -100,20 +102,20 @@ nbsp = do
     return ' '
 
 --------- Message/position annotation on top of user state
-data Note = Note Severity Code String deriving (Show, Eq)
+data Note = Note Id Severity Code String deriving (Show, Eq)
 data ParseNote = ParseNote SourcePos Severity Code String deriving (Show, Eq)
-data Metadata = Metadata SourcePos [Note] deriving (Show)
 data Severity = ErrorC | WarningC | InfoC | StyleC deriving (Show, Eq, Ord)
 data Context = ContextName SourcePos String | ContextAnnotation [Annotation]
 type Code = Integer
 
-codeForNote (Note _ code _) = code
 codeForParseNote (ParseNote _ _ code _) = code
+noteToParseNote map (Note id severity code message) =
+        ParseNote pos severity code message
+    where
+        pos = fromJust $ Map.lookup id map
 
 initialState = (Id $ -1, Map.empty, [])
 
-getInitialMeta pos = Metadata pos []
-
 getLastId = do
     (id, _, _) <- getState
     return id
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ getLastId = do
 getNextIdAt sourcepos = do
     (id, map, notes) <- getState
     let newId = incId id
-    let newMap = Map.insert newId (getInitialMeta sourcepos) map
+    let newMap = Map.insert newId sourcepos map
     putState (newId, newMap, notes)
     return newId
   where incId (Id n) = (Id $ n+1)
@@ -189,11 +191,6 @@ parseProblemAt pos level code msg = do
         Ms.modify (\(list, current) -> ((ParseNote pos level code msg):list, current))
 
 -- Store non-parse problems inside
-addNoteFor id note = modifyMap $ Map.adjust (\(Metadata pos notes) -> Metadata pos (note:notes)) id
-
-addNote note = do
-    id <- getLastId
-    addNoteFor id note
 
 parseNote c l a = do
     pos <- getPosition
@@ -269,6 +266,7 @@ readConditionContents single = do
   where
     typ = if single then SingleBracket else DoubleBracket
     readCondBinaryOp = try $ do
+        optional guardArithmetic
         id <- getNextId
         op <- (choice $ (map tryOp ["==", "!=", "<=", ">=", "=~", ">", "<", "=", "\\<=", "\\>=", "\\<", "\\>"])) <|> otherOp
         hardCondSpacing
@@ -284,6 +282,13 @@ readConditionContents single = do
             when (s == "-a" || s == "-o") $ fail "Wrong operator"
             return $ TC_Binary id typ s
 
+    guardArithmetic = do
+        try . lookAhead $ disregard (oneOf "+*/%") <|> disregard (string "- ")
+        parseProblem ErrorC 1076 $
+            if single
+            then "Trying to do math? Use e.g. [ $((i/2+7)) -ge 18 ]."
+            else "Trying to do math? Use e.g. [[ $((i/2+7)) -ge 18 ]]."
+
     readCondUnaryExp = do
       op <- readCondUnaryOp
       pos <- getPosition
@@ -312,9 +317,11 @@ readConditionContents single = do
         when (endedWith "]" x) $ do
             parseProblemAt pos ErrorC 1020 $
                 "You need a space before the " ++ (if single then "]" else "]]") ++ "."
+            fail "Missing space before ]"
         when (single && endedWith ")" x) $ do
             parseProblemAt pos ErrorC 1021 $
                 "You need a space before the \\)"
+            fail "Missing space before )"
         disregard spacing
         return x
       where endedWith str (T_NormalWord id s@(_:_)) =
@@ -325,17 +332,16 @@ readConditionContents single = do
     readCondAndOp = do
         id <- getNextId
         x <- try (string "&&" <|> string "-a")
-        when (single && x == "&&") $ addNoteFor id $ Note ErrorC 1022 "You can't use && inside [..]. Use [[..]] instead."
-        when (not single && x == "-a") $ addNoteFor id $ Note ErrorC 1023 "In [[..]], use && instead of -a."
         softCondSpacing
+        skipLineFeeds
         return $ TC_And id typ x
 
     readCondOrOp = do
+        optional guardArithmetic
         id <- getNextId
         x <- try (string "||" <|> string "-o")
-        when (single && x == "||") $ addNoteFor id $ Note ErrorC 1024 "You can't use || inside [..]. Use [[..]] instead."
-        when (not single && x == "-o") $ addNoteFor id $ Note ErrorC 1025 "In [[..]], use || instead of -o."
         softCondSpacing
+        skipLineFeeds
         return $ TC_Or id typ x
 
     readCondNoaryOrBinary = do
@@ -414,7 +420,17 @@ readConditionContents single = do
             str <- string "|"
             return $ T_Literal id str
 
-    readCondTerm = readCondNot <|> readCondExpr
+    skipLineFeeds = do
+        pos <- getPosition
+        spacing <- allspacing
+        when (single  && '\n' `elem` spacing) $
+            parseProblemAt pos ErrorC 1080 "In [ ] you need \\ before line feeds."
+
+    readCondTerm = do
+        term <- readCondNot <|> readCondExpr
+        skipLineFeeds
+        return term
+
     readCondNot = do
         id <- getNextId
         char '!'
@@ -444,6 +460,8 @@ prop_aA = isOk readArithmeticContents "! $?"
 prop_aB = isOk readArithmeticContents "10#08 * 16#f"
 prop_aC = isOk readArithmeticContents "\"$((3+2))\" + '37'"
 prop_aD = isOk readArithmeticContents "foo[9*y+x]++"
+prop_aE = isOk readArithmeticContents "1+`echo 2`"
+prop_aF = isOk readArithmeticContents "foo[`echo foo | sed s/foo/4/g` * 3] + 4"
 readArithmeticContents =
     readSequence
   where
@@ -477,7 +495,7 @@ readArithmeticContents =
 
     readExpansion = do
         id <- getNextId
-        x <- readNormalDollar
+        x <- readNormalDollar <|> readBackTicked
         spacing
         return $ TA_Expansion id x
 
@@ -611,6 +629,9 @@ prop_readCondition6 = isOk readCondition "[[ $c =~ ^[yY]$ ]]"
 prop_readCondition7 = isOk readCondition "[[ ${line} =~ ^[[:space:]]*# ]]"
 prop_readCondition8 = isOk readCondition "[[ $l =~ ogg|flac ]]"
 prop_readCondition9 = isOk readCondition "[ foo -a -f bar ]"
+prop_readCondition10= isOk readCondition "[[ a == b \n || c == d ]]"
+prop_readCondition11= isOk readCondition "[[ a == b || \n c == d ]]"
+prop_readCondition12= isWarning readCondition "[ a == b \n -o c == d ]"
 readCondition = called "test expression" $ do
     opos <- getPosition
     id <- getNextId
@@ -739,17 +760,29 @@ readProcSub = called "process substitution" $ do
 prop_readSingleQuoted = isOk readSingleQuoted "'foo bar'"
 prop_readSingleQuoted2 = isWarning readSingleQuoted "'foo bar\\'"
 prop_readsingleQuoted3 = isWarning readSingleQuoted "\x2018hello\x2019"
+prop_readSingleQuoted4 = isWarning readNormalWord "'it's"
+prop_readSingleQuoted5 = isWarning readSimpleCommand "foo='bar\ncow 'arg"
+prop_readSingleQuoted6 = isOk readSimpleCommand "foo='bar cow 'arg"
 readSingleQuoted = called "single quoted string" $ do
     id <- getNextId
+    startPos <- getPosition
     singleQuote
     s <- readSingleQuotedPart `reluctantlyTill` singleQuote
-    pos <- getPosition
+    let string = concat s
+    endPos <- getPosition
     singleQuote <?> "end of single quoted string"
 
-    let string = concat s
-    return (T_SingleQuoted id string) `attempting` do
-        x <- lookAhead anyChar
-        when (isAlpha x && not (null string) && isAlpha (last string)) $ parseProblemAt pos WarningC 1011 "This apostrophe terminated the single quoted string!"
+    optional $ do
+        c <- try . lookAhead $ suspectCharAfterQuotes <|> oneOf "'"
+        if (not (null string) && isAlpha c && isAlpha (last string))
+          then
+            parseProblemAt endPos WarningC 1011 $
+                "This apostrophe terminated the single quoted string!"
+          else
+            when ('\n' `elem` string && not ("\n" `isPrefixOf` string)) $
+                suggestForgotClosingQuote startPos endPos "single quoted string"
+
+    return (T_SingleQuoted id string)
 
 readSingleQuotedLiteral = do
     singleQuote
@@ -763,13 +796,24 @@ readSingleQuotedPart =
 
 prop_readBackTicked = isOk readBackTicked "`ls *.mp3`"
 prop_readBackTicked2 = isOk readBackTicked "`grep \"\\\"\"`"
+prop_readBackTicked3 = isWarning readBackTicked "´grep \"\\\"\"´"
+prop_readBackTicked4 = isOk readBackTicked "`echo foo\necho bar`"
+prop_readBackTicked5 = isOk readSimpleCommand "echo `foo`bar"
+prop_readBackTicked6 = isWarning readSimpleCommand "echo `foo\necho `bar"
 readBackTicked = called "backtick expansion" $ do
     id <- getNextId
-    pos <- getPosition
-    char '`'
+    startPos <- getPosition
+    backtick
     subStart <- getPosition
-    subString <- readGenericLiteral "`"
-    char '`'
+    subString <- readGenericLiteral "`´"
+    endPos <- getPosition
+    backtick
+
+    optional $ do
+        c <- try . lookAhead $ suspectCharAfterQuotes
+        when ('\n' `elem` subString && not ("\n" `isPrefixOf` subString)) $ do
+            suggestForgotClosingQuote startPos endPos "backtick expansion"
+
     -- Result positions may be off due to escapes
     result <- subParse subStart readCompoundList (unEscape subString)
     return $ T_Backticked id result
@@ -778,6 +822,12 @@ readBackTicked = called "backtick expansion" $ do
     unEscape ('\\':x:rest) | x `elem` "$`\\" = x : unEscape rest
     unEscape ('\\':'\n':rest) = unEscape rest
     unEscape (c:rest) = c : unEscape rest
+    backtick =
+      disregard (char '`') <|> do
+         pos <- getPosition
+         char '´'
+         parseProblemAt pos ErrorC 1077 $
+            "For command expansion, the tick should slant left (` vs ´)."
 
 subParse pos parser input = do
     lastPosition <- getPosition
@@ -792,12 +842,31 @@ subParse pos parser input = do
 prop_readDoubleQuoted = isOk readDoubleQuoted "\"Hello $FOO\""
 prop_readDoubleQuoted2 = isOk readDoubleQuoted "\"$'\""
 prop_readDoubleQuoted3 = isWarning readDoubleQuoted "\x201Chello\x201D"
+prop_readDoubleQuoted4 = isWarning readSimpleCommand "\"foo\nbar\"foo"
+prop_readDoubleQuoted5 = isOk readSimpleCommand "lol \"foo\nbar\" etc"
 readDoubleQuoted = called "double quoted string" $ do
     id <- getNextId
+    startPos <- getPosition
     doubleQuote
     x <- many doubleQuotedPart
+    endPos <- getPosition
     doubleQuote <?> "end of double quoted string"
+    optional $ do
+        try . lookAhead $ suspectCharAfterQuotes <|> oneOf "$\""
+        when (any hasLineFeed x && not (startsWithLineFeed x)) $
+            suggestForgotClosingQuote startPos endPos "double quoted string"
     return $ T_DoubleQuoted id x
+  where
+    startsWithLineFeed ((T_Literal _ ('\n':_)):_) = True
+    startsWithLineFeed _ = False
+    hasLineFeed (T_Literal _ str) | '\n' `elem` str = True
+    hasLineFeed _ = False
+
+suggestForgotClosingQuote startPos endPos name = do
+    parseProblemAt startPos WarningC 1078 $
+        "Did you forget to close this " ++ name ++ "?"
+    parseProblemAt endPos InfoC 1079 $
+        "This is actually an end quote, but due to next char it looks suspect."
 
 doubleQuotedPart = readDoubleLiteral <|> readDoubleQuotedDollar <|> readBackTicked
 
@@ -1325,13 +1394,25 @@ transformWithSeparator i _  = id
 
 readPipeSequence = do
     id <- getNextId
-    list <- readCommand `sepBy1` (readPipe `thenSkip` (spacing >> readLineBreak))
+    (cmds, pipes) <- sepBy1WithSeparators readCommand
+                        (readPipe `thenSkip` (spacing >> readLineBreak))
     spacing
-    return $ T_Pipeline id list
+    return $ T_Pipeline id pipes cmds
+  where
+    sepBy1WithSeparators p s = do
+        let elems = p >>= \x -> return ([x], [])
+        let seps = do
+            separator <- s
+            return $ \(a,b) (c,d) -> (a++c, b ++ d ++ [separator])
+        elems `chainl1` seps
 
 readPipe = do
     notFollowedBy2 g_OR_IF
-    char '|' `thenSkip` spacing
+    id <- getNextId
+    char '|'
+    qualifier <- string "&" <|> return ""
+    spacing
+    return $ T_Pipe id ('|':qualifier)
 
 readCommand = (readCompoundCommand <|> readSimpleCommand)
 
@@ -1348,6 +1429,8 @@ readCmdWord = do
 prop_readIfClause = isOk readIfClause "if false; then foo; elif true; then stuff; more stuff; else cows; fi"
 prop_readIfClause2 = isWarning readIfClause "if false; then; echo oo; fi"
 prop_readIfClause3 = isWarning readIfClause "if false; then true; else; echo lol; fi"
+prop_readIfClause4 = isWarning readIfClause "if false; then true; else if true; then echo lol; fi"
+prop_readIfClause5 = isOk readIfClause "if false; then true; else\nif true; then echo lol; fi; fi"
 readIfClause = called "if expression" $ do
     id <- getNextId
     pos <- getPosition
@@ -1389,7 +1472,9 @@ readIfPart = do
 
 readElifPart = called "elif clause" $ do
     pos <- getPosition
-    g_Elif
+    correctElif <- elif
+    when (not correctElif) $
+        parseProblemAt pos ErrorC 1075 "Use 'elif' instead of 'else if'."
     allspacing
     condition <- readTerm
     g_Then
@@ -1398,8 +1483,12 @@ readElifPart = called "elif clause" $ do
     verifyNotEmptyIf "then"
     action <- readTerm
     return (condition, action)
+  where
+    elif = (g_Elif >> return True) <|>
+        (try $ g_Else >> g_If >> return False)
 
 readElsePart = called "else clause" $ do
+    pos <- getPosition
     g_Else
     acceptButWarn g_Semi ErrorC 1053 "No semicolons directly after 'else'."
     allspacing
@@ -1478,15 +1567,14 @@ prop_readForClause6 = isOk readForClause "for ((;;))\ndo echo $i\ndone"
 prop_readForClause7 = isOk readForClause "for ((;;)) do echo $i\ndone"
 prop_readForClause8 = isOk readForClause "for ((;;)) ; do echo $i\ndone"
 prop_readForClause9 = isOk readForClause "for i do true; done"
+prop_readForClause10= isOk readForClause "for ((;;)) { true; }"
 readForClause = called "for loop" $ do
     pos <- getPosition
     (T_For id) <- g_For
     spacing
-    typ <- (readRegular <|> readArithmetic)
-    group <- readDoGroup pos
-    typ id group
+    readRegular id pos <|> readArithmetic id pos
   where
-    readArithmetic = called "arithmetic for condition" $ do
+    readArithmetic id pos = called "arithmetic for condition" $ do
         try $ string "(("
         x <- readArithmeticContents
         char ';' >> spacing
@@ -1497,13 +1585,19 @@ readForClause = called "for loop" $ do
         string "))"
         spacing
         optional $ readSequentialSep >> spacing
-        return $ \id group -> (return $ T_ForArithmetic id x y z group)
+        group <- readBraced <|> readDoGroup pos
+        return $ T_ForArithmetic id x y z group
 
-    readRegular = do
+    readBraced = do
+        (T_BraceGroup _ list) <- readBraceGroup
+        return list
+
+    readRegular id pos = do
         name <- readVariableName
         spacing
         values <- readInClause <|> (optional readSequentialSep >> return [])
-        return $ \id group -> (return $ T_ForIn id name values group)
+        group <- readDoGroup pos
+        return $ T_ForIn id name values group
 
 prop_readSelectClause1 = isOk readSelectClause "select foo in *; do echo $foo; done"
 prop_readSelectClause2 = isOk readSelectClause "select foo; do echo $foo; done"
@@ -1569,61 +1663,52 @@ readCaseItem = called "case item" $ do
 
 prop_readFunctionDefinition = isOk readFunctionDefinition "foo() { command foo --lol \"$@\"; }"
 prop_readFunctionDefinition1 = isOk readFunctionDefinition "foo   (){ command foo --lol \"$@\"; }"
-prop_readFunctionDefinition2 = isWarning readFunctionDefinition "function foo() { command foo --lol \"$@\"; }"
-prop_readFunctionDefinition3 = isWarning readFunctionDefinition "function foo { lol; }"
 prop_readFunctionDefinition4 = isWarning readFunctionDefinition "foo(a, b) { true; }"
 prop_readFunctionDefinition5 = isOk readFunctionDefinition ":(){ :|:;}"
 prop_readFunctionDefinition6 = isOk readFunctionDefinition "?(){ foo; }"
 prop_readFunctionDefinition7 = isOk readFunctionDefinition "..(){ cd ..; }"
 prop_readFunctionDefinition8 = isOk readFunctionDefinition "foo() (ls)"
 readFunctionDefinition = called "function" $ do
-    id <- getNextId
-    name <- try readFunctionSignature
+    functionSignature <- try readFunctionSignature
     allspacing
     (disregard (lookAhead $ oneOf "{(") <|> parseProblem ErrorC 1064 "Expected a { to open the function definition.")
     group <- readBraceGroup <|> readSubshell
-    return $ T_Function id name group
-
-
-readFunctionSignature = do
-    readWithFunction <|> readWithoutFunction
+    return $ functionSignature group
   where
-    readWithFunction = do
-        pos <- getPosition
-        try $ do
-            string "function"
-            whitespace
-        parseProblemAt pos InfoC 1005 "Drop the keyword 'function'. It's optional in Bash but invalid in other shells."
-        spacing
-        name <- readFunctionName
-        optional spacing
-        pos <- getPosition
-        readParens <|> do
-            parseProblemAt pos InfoC 1006 "Include '()' after the function name (in addition to dropping 'function')."
-        return name
+    readFunctionSignature = do
+        readWithFunction <|> readWithoutFunction
+      where
+        readWithFunction = do
+            id <- getNextId
+            try $ do
+                string "function"
+                whitespace
+            spacing
+            name <- readFunctionName
+            optional spacing
+            hasParens <- wasIncluded readParens
+            return $ T_Function id (FunctionKeyword True) (FunctionParentheses hasParens) name
 
-    readWithoutFunction = try $ do
-        name <- readFunctionName
-        optional spacing
-        readParens
-        return name
-
-    readParens = do
-        g_Lparen
-        optional spacing
-        g_Rparen <|> do
-            parseProblem ErrorC 1065 "Trying to declare parameters? Don't. Use () and refer to params as $1, $2.."
-            many $ noneOf "\n){"
-            g_Rparen
-        return ()
-
-    readFunctionName = many1 functionChars
+        readWithoutFunction = try $ do
+            id <- getNextId
+            name <- readFunctionName
+            optional spacing
+            readParens
+            return $ T_Function id (FunctionKeyword False) (FunctionParentheses True) name
 
+        readParens = do
+            g_Lparen
+            optional spacing
+            g_Rparen <|> do
+                parseProblem ErrorC 1065 "Trying to declare parameters? Don't. Use () and refer to params as $1, $2.."
+                many $ noneOf "\n){"
+                g_Rparen
+            return ()
 
+        readFunctionName = many1 functionChars
 
 readPattern = (readNormalWord `thenSkip` spacing) `sepBy1` (char '|' `thenSkip` spacing)
 
-
 prop_readCompoundCommand = isOk readCompoundCommand "{ echo foo; }>/dev/null"
 readCompoundCommand = do
     id <- getNextId
@@ -1678,7 +1763,8 @@ readAssignmentWord = try $ do
     if space == "" && space2 /= ""
       then do
         when (variable /= "IFS") $
-            parseNoteAt pos InfoC 1007 $ "Note that 'var= value' (with space after equals sign) is similar to 'var=\"\"; value'."
+            parseNoteAt pos WarningC 1007
+                "Remove space after = if trying to assign a value (for empty string, use var='' ... )."
         value <- readEmptyLiteral
         return $ T_Assignment id op variable index value
       else do
@@ -1725,16 +1811,24 @@ redirToken c t = try $ do
     notFollowedBy2 $ char '('
     return $ t id
 
-tryWordToken s t = tryParseWordToken (string s) t `thenSkip` spacing
-tryParseWordToken parser t = try $ do
+tryWordToken s t = tryParseWordToken s t `thenSkip` spacing
+tryParseWordToken keyword t = try $ do
     id <- getNextId
-    parser
+    str <- anycaseString keyword
     optional (do
         try . lookAhead $ char '['
         parseProblem ErrorC 1069 "You need a space before the [.")
     try $ lookAhead (keywordSeparator)
+    when (str /= keyword) $
+        parseProblem ErrorC 1081 $
+            "Scripts are case sensitive. Use '" ++ keyword ++ "', not '" ++ str ++ "'."
     return $ t id
 
+anycaseString str =
+    mapM anycaseChar str
+  where
+    anycaseChar c = char (toLower c) <|> char (toUpper c)
+
 g_AND_IF = tryToken "&&" T_AND_IF
 g_OR_IF = tryToken "||" T_OR_IF
 g_DSEMI = tryToken ";;" T_DSEMI
@@ -1865,7 +1959,7 @@ isOk p s = (fst cs) && (null . snd $ cs) where cs = checkString p s
 
 checkString parser string =
     case rp (parser >> eof >> getState) "-" string of
-        (Right (tree, map, notes), (problems, _)) -> (True, (notesFromMap map) ++ notes ++ problems)
+        (Right (tree, map, notes), (problems, _)) -> (True, notes ++ problems)
         (Left _, (n, _)) -> (False, n)
 
 parseWithNotes parser = do
@@ -1874,16 +1968,11 @@ parseWithNotes parser = do
     parseNotes <- getParseNotes
     return (item, map, nub . sortNotes $ parseNotes)
 
-toParseNotes (Metadata pos list) = map (\(Note level code note) -> ParseNote pos level code note) list
-notesFromMap map = Map.fold (\x -> (++) (toParseNotes x)) [] map
-
-getAllNotes result = (concatMap (notesFromMap . snd) (maybeToList . parseResult $ result)) ++ (parseNotes result)
-
 compareNotes (ParseNote pos1 level1 _ s1) (ParseNote pos2 level2 _ s2) = compare (pos1, level1) (pos2, level2)
 sortNotes = sortBy compareNotes
 
 
-data ParseResult = ParseResult { parseResult :: Maybe (Token, Map.Map Id Metadata), parseNotes :: [ParseNote] } deriving (Show)
+data ParseResult = ParseResult { parseResult :: Maybe (Token, Map.Map Id SourcePos), parseNotes :: [ParseNote] } deriving (Show)
 
 makeErrorFor parsecError =
     ParseNote (errorPos parsecError) ErrorC 1072 $ getStringFromParsec $ errorMessages parsecError
@@ -1903,9 +1992,11 @@ getStringFromParsec errors =
 
 parseShell filename contents = do
     case rp (parseWithNotes readScript) filename contents of
-        (Right (script, map, notes), (parsenotes, _)) -> ParseResult (Just (script, map)) (nub $ sortNotes $ notes ++ parsenotes)
-        (Left err, (p, context)) -> ParseResult Nothing (nub $ sortNotes $ p ++ (notesForContext context) ++ ([makeErrorFor err]))
-
+        (Right (script, map, notes), (parsenotes, _)) ->
+            ParseResult (Just (script, map)) (nub $ sortNotes $ notes ++ parsenotes)
+        (Left err, (p, context)) ->
+            ParseResult Nothing
+                (nub $ sortNotes $ p ++ (notesForContext context) ++ ([makeErrorFor err]))
   where
     isName (ContextName _ _) = True
     isName _ = False

ShellCheck/Simple.hs

@@ -25,28 +25,28 @@ import Data.List
 
 
 prop_findsParseIssue =
-    let comments = shellCheck "echo \"$12\"" in
+    let comments = shellCheck "echo \"$12\"" [] in
         (length comments) == 1 && (scCode $ head comments) == 1037
 prop_commentDisablesParseIssue1 =
-    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC1037\necho \"$12\""
+    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC1037\necho \"$12\"" []
 prop_commentDisablesParseIssue2 =
-    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC1037\n#lol\necho \"$12\""
+    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC1037\n#lol\necho \"$12\"" []
 
 prop_findsAnalysisIssue =
-    let comments = shellCheck "echo $1" in
+    let comments = shellCheck "echo $1" [] in
         (length comments) == 1 && (scCode $ head comments) == 2086
 prop_commentDisablesAnalysisIssue1 =
-    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC2086\necho $1"
+    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC2086\necho $1" []
 prop_commentDisablesAnalysisIssue2 =
-    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC2086\n#lol\necho $1"
+    null $ shellCheck "#shellcheck disable=SC2086\n#lol\necho $1" []
 
-shellCheck :: String -> [ShellCheckComment]
-shellCheck script =
+shellCheck :: String -> [AnalysisOption] -> [ShellCheckComment]
+shellCheck script options =
     let (ParseResult result notes) = parseShell "-" script in
         let allNotes = notes ++ (concat $ maybeToList $ do
-            (tree, map) <- result
-            let newMap = runAllAnalytics tree map
-            return $ notesFromMap $ filterByAnnotation tree newMap
+            (tree, posMap) <- result
+            let list = runAnalytics options tree
+            return $ map (noteToParseNote posMap) $ filterByAnnotation tree list
             )
         in
             map formatNote $ nub $ sortNotes allNotes

shellcheck.1.md

@@ -30,8 +30,11 @@ corner cases can cause delayed failures.
     options are cumulative, but all the codes can be specified at once,
     comma-separated as a single argument.
 
-Also note that shellcheck supports multiple Bourne shell dialects, and
-examines the file's shebang to determine which one to use.
+**-s**\ *shell*,\ **--shell=***shell*
+
+:   Specify Bourne shell dialect. Valid values are *sh*, *bash*, *ksh* and
+    *zsh*. The default is to use the file's shebang, or *bash* if the target
+    shell can't be determined.
 
 # FORMATS
 

shellcheck.hs

@@ -18,10 +18,13 @@
 import Control.Exception
 import Control.Monad
 import Data.Char
+import Data.Maybe
 import GHC.Exts
 import GHC.IO.Device
 import Prelude hiding (catch)
+import ShellCheck.Data
 import ShellCheck.Simple
+import ShellCheck.Analytics
 import System.Console.GetOpt
 import System.Directory
 import System.Environment
@@ -37,7 +40,11 @@ options = [
     Option ['f'] ["format"]
         (ReqArg (Flag "format") "FORMAT") "output format",
     Option ['e'] ["exclude"]
-        (ReqArg (Flag "exclude") "CODE1,CODE2..") "exclude types of warnings"
+        (ReqArg (Flag "exclude") "CODE1,CODE2..") "exclude types of warnings",
+    Option ['s'] ["shell"]
+        (ReqArg (Flag "shell") "SHELLNAME") "Specify dialect (bash,sh,ksh,zsh)",
+    Option ['V'] ["version"]
+        (NoArg $ Flag "version" "true") "Print version information"
     ]
 
 printErr = hPutStrLn stderr
@@ -57,17 +64,12 @@ instance JSON ShellCheckComment where
 
 parseArguments argv =
     case getOpt Permute options argv of
-        (opts, files, []) ->
-            if not $ null files
-              then
-                return $ Just (opts, files)
-              else do
-                printErr "No files specified.\n"
-                printErr $ usageInfo header options
-                exitWith syntaxFailure
+        (opts, files, []) -> do
+            verifyOptions opts files
+            return $ Just (opts, files)
 
         (_, _, errors) -> do
-            printErr $ (concat errors) ++ "\n" ++ usageInfo header options
+            printErr $ concat errors ++ "\n" ++ usageInfo header options
             exitWith syntaxFailure
 
 formats = Map.fromList [
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ forTty options files = do
     return $ and output
   where
     clear = ansi 0
-    ansi n = "\x1B[" ++ (show n) ++ "m"
+    ansi n = "\x1B[" ++ show n ++ "m"
 
     colorForLevel "error" = 31 -- red
     colorForLevel "warning" = 33 -- yellow
@@ -92,7 +94,8 @@ forTty options files = do
     colorForLevel "source" = 0 -- none
     colorForLevel _ = 0 -- none
 
-    colorComment level comment = (ansi $ colorForLevel level) ++ comment ++ clear
+    colorComment level comment =
+        ansi (colorForLevel level) ++ comment ++ clear
 
     doFile path = do
         contents <- readContents path
@@ -110,15 +113,17 @@ forTty options files = do
                             then ""
                             else fileLines !! (lineNum - 1)
             putStrLn ""
-            putStrLn $ colorFunc "message" ("In " ++ filename ++" line " ++ (show $ lineNum) ++ ":")
+            putStrLn $ colorFunc "message"
+                ("In " ++ filename ++" line " ++ show lineNum ++ ":")
             putStrLn (colorFunc "source" line)
-            mapM (\c -> putStrLn (colorFunc (scSeverity c) $ cuteIndent c)) x
+            mapM_ (\c -> putStrLn (colorFunc (scSeverity c) $ cuteIndent c)) x
             putStrLn ""
           ) groups
         return $ null comments
 
     cuteIndent comment =
-        (replicate ((scColumn comment) - 1) ' ') ++ "^-- " ++ (code $ scCode comment) ++ ": " ++ (scMessage comment)
+        replicate (scColumn comment - 1) ' ' ++
+            "^-- " ++ code (scCode comment) ++ ": " ++ scMessage comment
 
     code code = "SC" ++ (show code)
 
@@ -129,7 +134,7 @@ forTty options files = do
 -- This totally ignores the filenames. Fixme?
 forJson options files = do
     comments <- liftM concat $ mapM (commentsFor options) files
-    putStrLn $ encodeStrict $ comments
+    putStrLn $ encodeStrict comments
     return . null $ comments
 
 -- Mimic GCC "file:line:col: (error|warning|note): message" format
@@ -176,8 +181,8 @@ forCheckstyle options files = do
     severity "warning" = "warning"
     severity _ = "info"
     attr s v = concat [ s, "='", escape v, "' " ]
-    escape msg = concatMap escape' msg
-    escape' c = if isOk c then [c] else "&#" ++ (show $ ord c) ++ ";"
+    escape = concatMap escape'
+    escape' c = if isOk c then [c] else "&#" ++ show (ord c) ++ ";"
     isOk x = any ($x) [isAsciiUpper, isAsciiLower, isDigit, (`elem` " ./")]
 
     formatFile name comments = concat [
@@ -200,7 +205,14 @@ commentsFor options file =
     liftM (getComments options) $ readContents file
 
 getComments options contents =
-    excludeCodes (getExclusions options) $ shellCheck contents
+    excludeCodes (getExclusions options) $ shellCheck contents analysisOptions
+  where
+    analysisOptions = catMaybes [ shellOption ]
+    shellOption = do
+        option <- getOption options "shell"
+        sh <- shellForExecutable option
+        return $ ForceShell sh
+
 
 readContents file = if file == "-" then getContents else readFile file
 
@@ -216,9 +228,9 @@ makeNonVirtual comments contents =
         real rest (r+1) (v + 8 - (v `mod` 8)) target
     real (_:rest) r v target = real rest (r+1) (v+1) target
 
-getOption [] _ def = def
-getOption ((Flag var val):_) name _ | name == var = val
-getOption (_:rest) flag def = getOption rest flag def
+getOption [] _ = Nothing
+getOption (Flag var val:_) name | name == var = return val
+getOption (_:rest) flag = getOption rest flag
 
 getOptions options name =
     map (\(Flag _ val) -> val) . filter (\(Flag var _) -> var == name) $ options
@@ -238,8 +250,8 @@ getExclusions options =
     in
         map (Prelude.read . clean) elements :: [Int]
 
-excludeCodes codes comments =
-    filter (not . hasCode) comments
+excludeCodes codes =
+    filter (not . hasCode)
   where
     hasCode c = scCode c `elem` codes
 
@@ -257,7 +269,7 @@ main = do
 
 process Nothing = return False
 process (Just (options, files)) =
-  let format = getOption options "format" "tty" in
+  let format = fromMaybe "tty" $ getOption options "format" in
     case Map.lookup format formats of
         Nothing -> do
             printErr $ "Unknown format " ++ format
@@ -268,3 +280,22 @@ process (Just (options, files)) =
         Just f -> do
             f options files
 
+verifyOptions opts files = do
+    when (isJust $ getOption opts "version") printVersionAndExit
+
+    let shell = getOption opts "shell" in
+        when (isJust shell && isNothing (shell >>= shellForExecutable)) $ do
+            printErr $ "Unknown shell: " ++ (fromJust shell)
+            exitWith supportFailure
+
+    when (null files) $ do
+        printErr "No files specified.\n"
+        printErr $ usageInfo header options
+        exitWith syntaxFailure
+
+printVersionAndExit = do
+    putStrLn $ "ShellCheck - shell script analysis tool"
+    putStrLn $ "version: " ++ shellcheckVersion
+    putStrLn $ "license: GNU Affero General Public License, version 3"
+    putStrLn $ "website: http://www.shellcheck.net"
+    exitWith ExitSuccess